5 Key Takeaways

• 1

  A review identified 109 clinical reports describing ocular toxoplasmosis in 276 immunocompromised patients and 345 affected eyes; HIV accounted for 60.9% of cases.

• 2

  Among eyes with reported presenting acuity, 76.4% had vision of 6/15 or worse and 55.7% had vision of 6/60 or worse.

• 3

  Presentations were often atypical: 41.3% of eyes had multifocal lesions, and 77.4% of eyes with reported lesion location had macular or peripapillary involvement.

• 4

  The initial diagnosis was missed in more than half of published cases with sufficient clinical information, and the authors highlighted ocular-fluid molecular analysis for atypical presentations.

• 5

  The review considers any active toxoplasmic retinal lesion in an immunocompromised patient an indication for systemic antiparasitic therapy; pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine was most commonly reported.