Statins Protect Against Cataracts
A meta-analysis turns the premise that statin use increases the risk of cataract development on its head
Statins are prescribed to a third of people in the US aged over 45 years, at an annual cost of $35 billion, and there has long been debate about this class of drugs increasing the risk of cataract development. High lovastatin doses were found to cause cataract formation in dogs, and the drug’s labeling for a number of years included recommendations that patients’ eyes were monitored. A raft of statins have been approved in major markets worldwide since lovastatin, and more recent published studies have offered further statistical data to fuel the statin-cataract question (1,2).
Now, a meta-analysis performed by John Kostis and colleagues at the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School has concluded that statins actually protect against the development of cataracts in younger patients and when used for long periods of time (3). In fact, statins reduce the risk of developing cataracts by an average of 20 percent.
Results from the random-effects meta-analysis demonstrate that individuals taking statins have a lower risk of developing cataracts than those not receiving them. The study, which Kostis says is possibly the first meta-analysis on the topic, included nearly 2.4 million people and more than 25,000 cataracts. “Our analysis shows that people in their forties who use statins have a 50 percent lower chance of getting cataracts,” he reports. “For people in their seventies, risk is lowered by just 10 percent. It is possible that the two processes (aging and statins) work in parallel or interactively.”
The study found that longer-term use of statins was also associated with a decrease in cataract risk. Patients taking a statin for six months demonstrated a 10 percent lower risk of developing cataracts, while those taking statins for 14 years had a 55 percent reduction in risk. “This meta-analysis indicates a statistically significant and clinically relevant protective effect of statins in preventing cataracts.” Kostis concludes: “The effect is more pronounced in younger patients, and with longer use. Our findings dispel worries about the safety of statins when it comes to cataracts, and lends additional support to long-term statin use.”
- J Hippisley-Cox, C Coupland. “Unintended effects of statins in men and women in England and Wales: population based cohort study using the QResearch database”, BMJ, 340, c2197 (2010).
- CM Machan, PK Hrynchak, EL Irving, “Age-related cataract is associated with type 2 diabetes and statin use.” Optom Vis Sci, 89(8), 1165–71 (2012).
- J Kostis, JM Dobrzynski. “Statins prevent cataracts: a meta-analysis”, Eur Heart J, 34 (Abstract Supplement), 163 (2013).
I have 22 years' experience as a writer and editor specializing in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, medicine and life sciences. I was also European News Editor at GEN for 7 years, reporting daily on academic research, and the commercial aspects of the biotech and pharma industries. A brief, postgrad period during which I was involved in molecular genetics research at Bristol University in the 1980s is a more distant memory, and most of what I achieved in then is now automated and can be completed within days.
